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High-Entropy Alloys

What Are High-Entropy Alloys?

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are alloys composed of five or more principal elements in equal or near-equal atomic proportions. Unlike traditional alloys, the multi-principal element nature of high-entropy alloys endows them with unique microstructures and exceptional properties. For example, their high mixing entropy effect tends to form simple solid solution structures, such as face-centered cubic (FCC) or body-centered cubic (BCC).

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Why Are High-Entropy Alloys Gaining Attention?

High-entropy alloys excel in strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature stability. Specifically, certain HEAs can maintain stable mechanical properties at 1000°C (Source: Nature Materials, 2021). Counterintuitively, despite their complex composition, their microstructure is relatively simple.

Application Potential

From aerospace to medical devices, high-entropy alloys have broad application prospects. For instance, in the aerospace industry, they can be used to manufacture high-temperature, high-strength turbine blades.

Comparison Between High-Entropy Alloys and Traditional Alloys

Item High-Entropy Alloys Traditional Alloys
Composition 5 or more elements 1-2 principal elements
Microstructure Simple solid solution Complex phase structure
Performance High strength, high corrosion resistance Single performance
Cost Higher Lower

How to Prepare High-Entropy Alloys? (Step-by-Step Guide)

1.Composition Design: Select 5 or more elements, ensuring near-equal atomic proportions.

2.Melting: Use vacuum arc melting or induction melting.

3.Forming: Create blanks through casting or hot pressing.

4.Processing: Perform machining, such as turning or grinding.

5.Surface Treatment: Polish and clean to ensure a smooth surface.

Common High-Entropy Alloys and Their Characteristics and Applications

Alloy Main Characteristics Typical Applications
CoCrFeMnNi High ductility, low-temperature performance Aerospace, cryogenic engineering
AlCoCrFeNi High strength, high-temperature resistance High-temperature coatings, wear-resistant parts
CoCrFeNiTi High hardness, corrosion resistance Chemical equipment, mechanical parts
AlCoCrCuFeNi Excellent comprehensive performance Functional films, conductive coatings
NbMoTaW High melting point, creep resistance High-temperature alloys, nuclear reactor materials
ZrTiHfNbTa Biocompatibility, corrosion resistance Medical devices, nuclear industry
CoCrFeNiMo High hardness, wear resistance Wear-resistant coatings, corrosion-resistant materials
AlCrFeCoNiCu Electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance Electronics industry, catalytic materials

With their unique properties and broad application prospects, high-entropy alloys have become a research hotspot in materials science. In the future, as technology continues to advance, they will play a significant role in more high-end manufacturing and functional material fields.


Post time: May-30-2025
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