News - Characteristics and Classification of Aluminum Alloys

In manufacturing, aluminum is one of the most popular and widely used metals. Al with light weight, strength to weight ratio is quite considerable, so it is favored characteristics. In order to meet the diverse needs of different industrial sectors, aluminum is combined with other elements to form aluminum alloys. Aluminum alloys come in a variety of forms and are widely used in various products, such as consumer electronics, packaging materials, automotive parts and aircraft parts.

Al alloy characteristics:

1. Light weight, high strength. The density of aluminum is about 2.7g/cm³, much lower than many common metals such as iron, copper, light weight at the same time, through the reasonable addition of alloying elements and optimization of processing technology, can significantly improve the strength.

2.Strong corrosion resistance: aluminum is easy to react with oxygen in the air, forming a dense alumina film on the surface, which can prevent the internal aluminum from being further oxidized, so that it can remain stable for a long time in a complex environment such as humidity, acid and alkali.

3.Good ductility and easy processing: With good ductility, it can be easily stretched, bent and stamped into various shapes to meet diverse design needs. Products of various shapes and sizes can be made by stamping, bending, drawing, casting, forging, extrusion and other processing processes.

4. Good thermal and electrical conductivity: thermal and electrical conductivity are excellent, widely used in electrical, electronic and other fields that have requirements for thermal and electrical conductivity. Such as wire and cable commonly used aluminum stranded wire, as well as electronic equipment radiator.

5. Strong recyclability: high recycling value, recycled aluminum alloy after re-melting, processing and other treatment, performance loss is small, can be used again to produce all kinds of aluminum alloy products, is conducive to saving resources and protecting the environment.

Classification of Aluminum Alloys:

By processing method:

Deformation aluminum alloy: the use of stamping, bending, rolling, extrusion and other processes and through the melting method of ingot, plastic deformation processing, so that its structure, shape changes after the formation of different forms and specifications, and can be divided into heat treatable strengthened aluminum alloy and non-heat treatable strengthened aluminum alloy.

According to different process treatment methods, deformed aluminum can also be divided into duralumin, superduralumin, rust-proof aluminum, aluminum profiles and so on. According to the shape of the product, the deformed aluminum is divided into plates, belts, foils, tubes, rods, wires and profiles.

Cast aluminum alloy: It is the method of filling the mold with molten metal to obtain the blank of various specifications and shapes, and its organization and performance are not only related to its chemical composition, but also related to the casting process and heat treatment method.

By chemical composition :

No.	Main components	Brand series	Major brand series	Application
1	Pure aluminum series	1xxx	1050、1060、1070	commercial-purity aluminium
2	Aluminum copper series	2xxx	2A12、 2014、2024	hard aluminum
3	Aluminium-manganese series	3xxx	3003、3004
4	Aluminum silicon series	4xxx	4032
5	Aluminum magnesium series	5xxx	5A06	Anticorrosive Aluminum
6	Aluminum-mg-si series	6xxx	6061、6063	Anticorrosive Aluminum
7	Aluminum zinc magnesium copper series	7xxx	7075	Anticorrosive Aluminum
8	Aluminum + other elements	8xxx

Material state representation:

Item No.	code	material status report	Description and application
1	F	Free working state	It is suitable for the forming process, and the mechanical properties of the products without special requirements for work hardening and heat treatment conditions are not specified.
2	A	annealed condition	Suitable for the lowest strength processed products obtained by full annealing
3	H	Work hardening condition	Suitable for products with increased strength through work hardening, H code must be followed by more than two Arabic numerals.
4	W	solution heat-treated condition	An unstable state, only applicable to alloys that age naturally at room temperature after solution heat treatment, the state code indicates that the product is in the natural aging stage.
5	T	heat treatment condition	It is suitable for products that reach a stable state after heat treatment through (without) work hardening, and must be followed by the above Arabic numeral after the T code.

Aluminum alloy is widely used in many fields because of its light weight, high strength, good corrosion resistance, easy processing and recycling. In aerospace, help aircraft to reduce weight and increase efficiency, such as 7075 aluminum alloy for key structures; The automotive industry uses it to achieve lightweight, like aluminum wheel lifting control and energy saving; In terms of architecture, doors and Windows curtain walls are both beautiful and durable; In the field of electronic equipment, it has good heat dissipation and can protect components, and mobile phone computer shells are commonly used. From the continuous improvement of processing and molding to surface treatment technology, aluminum alloy is developing continuously in the direction of high performance, multi-function and green environmental protection, constantly expanding the application boundary, and occupying an increasingly important position in modern industry and life.

Post time: Dec-23-2024